12 Medieval Towns in Spain That Will Transport You Back in Time

Spain is famous for its lively cities, stunning beaches, and rich cultural heritage, but if you’re looking for something truly special, its medieval towns are where history and scenic beauty come together. Wandering through these charming destinations feels like stepping into the past—cobblestone streets, centuries-old castles, and beautifully preserved architecture create endless photo opportunities.

From hilltop castles to picturesque plazas, Spain’s medieval towns are perfect for travel photography. Each town tells its own story, blending history with culture in ways that are uniquely Spanish.

If you’re ready to experience some of Spain’s most captivating destinations, this guide to its beautiful medieval towns will help you map out the perfect travel itinerary. These towns offer stunning backdrops for your photos and a chance to experience Spain beyond its major cities.

Spain’s Best Medieval Towns

1. Besalú

Located in Catalonia, the town of Besalú is one of the best-preserved medieval centers in Spain. The town dates back to the early Middle Ages, and its most famous landmark is the spectacular Romanesque bridge spanning the Fluvia River, complete with an iconic medieval gateway.

The Monastery of Sant Pere, a striking Romanesque structure originally built in the 10th century, is another landmark. Walking along the river, you’ll also enjoy picturesque views of the countryside.

The Jewish quarter, with its historical mikveh (ritual bath), adds a layer of intrigue. Narrow cobblestone streets lead you to charming squares and ancient churches, all oozing character at every turn.

💡 Photography Tip

Arrive at sunrise to capture the magnificent Besalú bridge enveloped in soft mist. Use a wide-angle lens to incorporate both the bridge and its reflection on the calm waters below.

2. Alquézar

Set on the edge of the beautiful Sierra de Guara , Alquézar is surrounded by natural beauty, including a picturesque canyon. The town’s centerpiece is the castle-turned-church perched high above.

Alquézar’s labyrinth of winding streets offers views of sandstone buildings and charming courtyards. Its proximity to hiking trails and the canyon makes it a perfect stop for landscape photographers.

💡 Photography Tip

Capture an aerial view of the town from the Mirador viewpoint near the castle.

3. Ávila

Known as the “Town of Stones and Saints,” Ávila is known for its astonishingly well-preserved city walls, which date back to the 11th century. The imposing walls, complete with 88 towers, encircle the old town and create a striking medieval silhouette.

Inside the walls of Ávila, you’ll find a mix of history, architecture, and culture. The old town is home to beautiful Romanesque churches, Gothic palaces, and quaint cobblestone streets.

One of the highlights is the Ávila Cathedral, considered the first Gothic cathedral in Spain, which doubles as a fortress with its thick walls and strategic position.

💡 Photography Tip

Climb the city walls during golden hour for breathtaking panoramic shots of the town and the surrounding plains. Use a telephoto lens to capture intricate details of the architecture.

4. Morella

High on a hilltop, Morella is instantly recognizable with its castle looming over concentric layers of stone houses. The 1,500-year-old aqueduct and Gothic-style church of Santa Maria La Mayor offer additional photo opportunities.

Morella is surrounded by ancient walls that date back to the 14th century, holding a labyrinth of cobblestone streets and traditional houses with terracotta roofs. The town also hosts vibrant cultural events, including medieval festivals and traditional dances, bringing the town’s rich history to life.

💡 Photography Tip

Photograph Morella from the road leading towards the town to capture its full hilltop majesty. Incorporate the foreground of rolling hills for depth and context.

5. Montefrío

Montefrío is surrounded by olive groves, with an ancient hilltop fortress offering spectacular vistas. The Iglesia de la Villa emerges from the rock, creating an imposing yet photogenic structure that dominates the town’s profile.

The town’s charm lies not only in its incredible landscapes but also in its deep historical roots. The town’s streets are a maze of narrow, winding paths that lead to hidden corners, offering glimpses of traditional Andalusian architecture.

At the heart of Montefrío’s history is its hilltop fortress, a relic of the Moorish period. Just below the fortress, the Iglesia de la Encarnación impresses visitors with its unique circular design, inspired by the Pantheon in Rome.

If you’re looking for a panoramic view, climb to the top of the hill for sweeping vistas of olive groves stretching into the horizon.

💡 Photography Tip

Head to the National Geographic viewpoint for a postcard-perfect shot of Montefrío. Use a polarizing filter to make the whitewashed buildings pop against the blue skies.

6. Albarracín

Known as one of the most beautiful villages in Spain, Albarracín is a maze of terracotta buildings high above the Guadalaviar River. The distinct reddish hue of its medieval architecture blends with its rugged surroundings, while picturesque 10th-century walls snake along the hillside.

Albarracín is filled with photo opportunities, from the intricate wooden balconies to the ancient castle ruins overlooking the valley. The town is also home to the Catedral de El Salvador, a stunning 16th-century cathedral that showcases a blend of Gothic and Renaissance styles.

Surrounded by dramatic cliffs and pine forests, Albarracín offers hiking trails with panoramic views. Don’t miss the chance to explore the unique sandstone formations and prehistoric rock art in the nearby protected area of Pinares de Rodeno.

💡 Photography Tip

Focus on the curving medieval walls, which look especially striking during twilight.

7. Toledo

Known as the “City of Three Cultures,” Toledo is famous for its mix of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish influences. Its skyline, dominated by the Alcazar fortress and the Toledo Cathedral, is a photographer’s dream.

Toledo’s narrow streets hide countless hidden gems, from convents to ancient synagogues, and the Tagus River provides a natural frame for many compositions.

💡 Photography Tip

Photograph Toledo from across the Tagus River at the Mirador del Valle viewpoint. Capturing the city at sunset with a magical glow that highlights its historic beauty.

8. Torla-Ordesa

Located at the gates of Ordesa National Park, Torla-Ordesa is a fusion of quaint medieval charm and awe-inspiring natural landscapes. The rustic stone houses and Iglesia de San Salvador provide an excellent focal point, while the Pyrenees mountains tower in the background.

The town’s cobblestone streets and carefully preserved architecture give Torla-Ordesa an incredible medieval feel. Wander through its narrow alleys and you’ll find endless subjects to photograph.

💡 Photography Tip

Use the towering mountains of Ordesa National Park to create scale in your shots. A wide-angle lens will help you incorporate both the town and its beautiful natural backdrop.

9. Ronda

Ronda is a dramatic, clifftop town split in two by the El Tajo Gorge. The Puente Nuevo bridge, a feat of 18th-century engineering, connects the old and new towns and offers jaw-dropping views. The Arab baths, bullring, and beautifully weathered facades will fill up your memory card in no time.

Ronda is not just about breathtaking views; it’s a town with rich history and culture. Wander through the old town, La Ciudad, and discover cobblestone streets lined with whitewashed buildings and intriguing historic sites. The Palacio de Mondragón, once a Moorish palace, is now home to a museum showcasing Ronda’s rich heritage.

💡 Photography Tip

Shoot the Puente Nuevo from the gorge floor to fully capture its scale. Visit early or late in the day to miss the biggest crowds.

10. Miravet

Located along the banks of the Ebro River, Miravet is a medieval jewel dominated by its Templar castle. The view of the town, reflected on the water, is perfectly picturesque. The riverside location makes it unique among Spain’s medieval towns.

Strolling through the town’s narrow, winding streets, you’ll find charming stone houses, quiet plazas, and plenty of history. The town has retained much of its medieval character, making it feel like a step back in time. Breathtaking panoramic views of the river and surrounding countryside are available from the Templar castle.

💡 Photography Tip

Capture the town from the opposite bank of the Ebro River for the best view.

11. Olite

Known for its majestic Palacio Real, Olite is a fantastic destination for photographers with a penchant for fairy-tale-like settings. The palace’s towers and courtyards offer plenty of angles to explore, while the surrounding vineyards feature magnificent colors during harvest season.

Olite is home to some of the finest wineries in the region offering tours and tastings. The town also hosts a renowned Medieval Festival every summer, transforming into a lively celebration of its past, complete with period costumes, music, and food.

💡 Photography Tip

Head to the tallest tower of the Palacio Real for a bird’s-eye view of Olite’s charming streets and sprawling vineyards.

12. Aínsa

Aínsa combines medieval allure with breathtaking natural surroundings. Its old town, built around a cobbled square, features stone houses and a charming Romanesque church. The Plaza Mayor, the town’s central square, is a hub of activity and history.

Nature photographers will love Aínsa’s proximity to the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The town is a gateway to hiking trails, crystal-clear rivers, and lush forests.

💡 Photography Tip

Shoot the Plaza Mayor at sunset, when the golden light bathes the stone buildings in warm hues. Add depth to your photos by including leading lines created by the cobblestone streets.

Start Planning Your Trip

Spain’s medieval towns exude charm, history, and beauty worth photographing. From quiet cobblestone streets to sweeping vistas, each destination offers unique opportunities for capturing unforgettable images.